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为了研究水库初次蓄水过程中均质岸坡的塌岸现象,在室内建设了4类9个物理模型进行试验。试验结果表明,岸坡坡角越大、岸坡土体颗粒粒径越小,塌岸现象越易发生;凸形坡面岸坡比凹形坡面岸坡更易发生塌岸现象;覆盖层下伏基岩界线倾角越陡,越易发生塌岸现象。试验测得浸润线与理论计算结果的比较分析表明,浸润线的理论计算方法由于没有考虑岸坡土体的非饱和状态,可能过高地估计浸润线的位置。
In order to study the bank collapse phenomenon of homogeneous bank slope during the first impoundment of reservoir, four types of nine physical models were built indoors for testing. The results show that the larger the slope angle is, the smaller the particle size of bank soil is and the more the bank collapse phenomenon occurs. The bank slope of convex slope is more prone to bank collapse than the slope of concave slope. The steeper the volcanic rock boundary, the more prone to bank collapse. The comparative analysis of the soaking line with the theoretical calculation results shows that the theoretical calculation of the soaking line may overestimate the position of the infiltration line because the unsaturated state of the bankland soil is not considered.