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选用胶东地区红富士苹果39个样品,采用顶空固相微萃取技术萃取苹果挥发出的成分,通过气相色谱质谱联用仪分析、鉴定其中挥发性成分。结果表明(1)胶东地区红富士苹果共检测到42种挥发性物质,其中α-法尼烯、2-甲基丁醇、己醇、及酯类等11种物质为共有成分,占挥发性成分的94.33%。(2)根据物质含量、变异系数、离散程度等确定α-法尼烯、2-甲基丁醇、己醇、及酯类等11种挥发性物质作为胶东地区红富士苹果挥发性成分的特征性指标。各特征性挥发性成分含量为:2-甲基乙酸丁酯(205~440)mg/kg,α-法尼烯(70~150)mg/kg、2-甲基丁酸己酯(60~105)mg/kg、2-甲基丁醇(45~65)mg/kg、2-甲基丁酸丁酯(20~55)mg/kg、乙酸己酯(10~45)mg/kg、2-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯(20~35)mg/kg、2-甲基丁酸丙酯(10~30)mg/kg、乙酸丁酯(10~25)mg/kg、2-甲基丁酸-3-甲基丁酯(8~15)mg/kg、己醇(6~12)mg/kg。
39 samples of Red Fuji apple in Jiaodong area were selected, and the volatile components of apple were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction. The volatile components were identified by GC-MS. The results showed that: (1) 42 kinds of volatile substances were detected in Red Fuji apple in Jiaodong area, of which 11 kinds of α-farnesene, 2-methylbutanol, hexanol and esters were common components, accounting for volatile 94.33% of the ingredients. (2) Eleven volatile compounds, such as α-farnesene, 2-methylbutanol, hexanol and esters, were determined as volatile components of red Fuji apple in Jiaodong area according to the content of substance, coefficient of variation and degree of dispersion Sexual indicators. The characteristic volatile components were as follows: butyl 2-methyl acetate (205-440) mg / kg, α-farnesene (70-150 mg / 105 mg / kg, 2-methylbutanol 45-65 mg / kg, butyl 2-methylbutyrate 20-55 mg / kg, hexyl acetate 10-45 mg / Methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate (20-35) mg / kg, Propyl 2-methylbutyrate (10-30) mg / kg, Butyl acetate , 3-methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate (8-15) mg / kg, hexanol (6-12) mg / kg.