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行政诉讼的功能模式是指设计行政诉讼制度以及行政诉讼活动所要达到的终极目标而呈现的总体风格。行政诉讼的功能模式关系到整个行政诉讼程序的设计以及具体制度的构建。依功能取向不同,世界范围内,行政诉讼的功能模式可分为主观公权利保护和客观法秩序维护模式两种理想类型,分别具有与其模式相适应的行政诉讼程序构造特点,但不存在绝对意义的理想模型,其价值在于为我们认识行政诉讼程序构造提供了分析工具。我国行政诉讼应定位为客观法秩序维护功能模式,同时兼顾主观公权利保护模式的特点,具有宪法学以及行政诉讼法学基础。客观法秩序维护功能模式为我国行政诉讼扩大受案范围、放松原告资格限制、增设公益诉讼类型、准确定位行政诉判关系提供了理论空间,也为人民法院审判职权的正确行使提供价值指导。
The functional model of administrative litigation refers to the overall style of the design of administrative litigation system and administrative litigation activities to achieve the ultimate goal presented by the overall style. The function mode of administrative litigation is related to the design of the whole administrative litigation procedure and the construction of specific system. According to different functions and orientations, the functional models of administrative litigation in the world can be divided into two ideal types, namely the subjective public rights protection and the objective law and order maintenance mode, which respectively have the structural features of the administrative litigation procedure that are compatible with the mode, but there is no absolute meaning The value of this model is to provide an analytical tool for understanding the structure of administrative proceedings. Our country’s administrative litigation should be positioned as the functional mode of objective law and order maintenance, taking into account the characteristics of the subjective public rights protection mode, with the constitutional law and administrative litigation jurisprudence. The functional mode of objective law and order maintenance provides theoretical space for our administrative litigation to expand the scope of accepting the case, relax the qualifications of the plaintiff, set up the types of public interest litigation, and accurately locate the relationship between administrative litigation and judgment. It also provides the value guidance for the correct exercise of the judicial power of the people ’s court.