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一、问题的提出 轴流泵是一种结构简单的水泵,其构造示如图1。 它由一般角度可调的转动叶片“1”与固定导叶“2”所组成。当电动机带动轴“3”转动,并使叶片沿顺时针方向(仰视)转动时,使水流在叶片扰动区域产生了压力差。这压力差在轴向的投影,就是轴流泵水流运动的直接能源。而固定导叶则只是用作消除和减弱离开导叶的旋转运动。为了减少水流能量的损失,使旋转流动在经固定导叶后又转变成沿管径方向的水流运动,把固定导叶“2”也做成流线型形状。 轴流泵的水力特性是流量大而扬程低。由于一般轴流泵的叶片安装角度是可改变的,故它也可适应运用条件的一些改变。因而,在农田排灌、热电站输送循环冷却水、城市给排水等方面得到广泛使用。
First, the question put forward Axial flow pump is a simple structure of the pump, the structure shown in Figure 1. It consists of a general angle adjustable rotating blade “1” and the fixed vane “2”. When the motor drives the shaft “3” to rotate and the blades rotate in a clockwise direction (bottom view), a pressure difference is generated in the disturbance area of the blades by the flow of water. This pressure difference in the axial projection, axial flow pump is the direct energy of water movement. The fixed guide vane is only used to eliminate and reduce the rotation away from the guide vane. In order to reduce the loss of water flow energy, the rotating flow is transformed into the flow of water along the pipe diameter after passing through the fixed guide vanes, and the fixed vane “2” is also made into a streamlined shape. Axial flow pump hydraulic characteristics of large flow and low head. As the general axial flow pump blade mounting angle can be changed, so it can adapt to some changes in conditions of use. Therefore, it has been widely used in farmland irrigation and drainage, circulating cooling water supplied by thermal power stations, and urban water supply and drainage.