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目的识别、分析深圳市某鼠标和键盘生产线建设项目的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度,并进行控制效果评价。方法依据《建设项目职业病危害控制效果评价导则》和《工业企业设计卫生标准》等标准,采用职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测、职业健康检查法进行定性定量评价。结果该建设项目的总体布局、生产工艺和设备布局、建筑卫生学要求、卫生辅助用室、个人使用的职业病防护用品、职业卫生管理基本符合《工业企业设计卫生标准》(GBZ1-2010)的相关要求。存在的主要职业病危害因素为甲醇、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸甲酯、丙酮、正庚烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、异丙醇、正己烷、苯乙烯、丙烯腈、铅烟、其它粉尘(总尘)、电焊烟尘(总尘)、噪声、高温、激光辐射、工频电场等。其中苯、正己烷、铅烟、噪声、高温存在超标岗位。对390名职业接触生产工人进行相应的职业健康检查,检查结果发现职业禁忌证者13名,疑似职业性苯中毒4名。结论该建设项目危害风险程度分类为职业病危害较重。应加强职业卫生管理与职业病危害防护措施的持续改进,提高劳动者自我保护意识。
Objective To identify and analyze the occupational hazards of a mouse and keyboard production line project in Shenzhen and analyze its harm degree and evaluate the control effect. Methods Based on the “Guidelines for Evaluation of Control Effects of Occupational Hazards in Construction Projects” and “Hygienic Standards for Design of Industrial Enterprises”, a qualitative and quantitative evaluation was conducted using occupational health field surveys, occupational health tests and occupational health examinations. Results The overall layout of the construction project, production technology and equipment layout, building hygiene requirements, health aids rooms, personal protective equipment for occupational diseases, and occupational health management basically met the requirements of the “Design Standards for Hygienic Design of Industrial Enterprises” (GBZ1-2010) Claim. The main occupational hazards are methanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl acetate, acetone, n-heptane, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, isopropanol, N-hexane, styrene, acrylonitrile, lead smoke, other dust (total dust), welding dust (total dust), noise, high temperature, laser radiation, power frequency electric field and so on. Among them benzene, n-hexane, lead smoke, noise, high temperature there are excessive posts. On the 390 occupational exposure to production workers for the corresponding occupational health examination, examination results found that 13 occupational taboos, suspected of occupational benzene poisoning 4. Conclusion The classification of the hazard degree of the construction project is more harmful to occupational diseases. The continuous improvement of occupational health management and prevention measures of occupational hazards should be strengthened so as to raise the awareness of self-protection of laborers.