科学在文艺复兴以后逐渐从哲学中独立出来。独立意味着科学将原属其母体即哲学的部分知识领地据为己有,这种渊源和发展态势,决定了“科哲”之间的关系难免纠缠和对立。中国学术史上,经典思想家对达道路径所作的“尊德性”与“道问学”的区分,在演化过程中,逐渐获得了类似西方对知识领地进行“科学”与“哲学”分割的学术特征。在晚清的西学东渐中,由“道问学”推延而来的考据学与科学结了缘,而与“尊德性”旨趣相通的理学(或心学)则与哲学挂上了钩。“科哲关系”不仅是“科玄论战”打响的学术背景,也是论辩各方刻意诠释的对象。尽管第一次世界大战带给思想界的震动,使传统的学术话题带上了鲜明的时代色彩,但论战的学术品格和思想特征则依然与“科哲关系”史的影响密不可分。 Science gradually became independent from philosophy after the Renaissance. Independence means that science takes as its own right a part of its knowledge territory, which is its motherhood, that is, philosophy. This kind of origin and development trend determine that the relationship between “Koch’s ” is inevitably entangled and antagonistic. In the academic history of China, the distinction between “thinkers” and “genuine scholarship” made by classical thinkers to the path of attaining the path of learning has gradually gained similarities and differences between the “ ”Philosophical “ segmentation academic characteristics. In the late Qing Dynasty, the textual criticism of ”Taoism“ delayed the connection between science and science, while the relationship between philosophy (or psychology) and philosophy Hang up the hook. ”Kezhe relation “ is not only the academic background of ”Science and Metaphysics debate“, but also the object of deliberate interpretation of all parties in the debate. Although the World War I brought the shock of the ideological circle and brought the traditional academic topics to a distinct epoch, the academic character and ideological features of the polemic are still inseparably linked with the influence of the relationship between ”科哲 哲系".