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理性主义善恶观把理性当作人性的本质,当作辨别善恶的标准。威尔第的歌剧作品中含有丰富的善恶思想,具有鲜明的抑恶扬善的价值倾向。其理性主义特征主要体现在:一是把自私的情欲冲破理性的控制当作罪恶之所以产生的根源;二是认为唯有通过理性的作用才能防止私欲的泛滥,并由此通向善良。同时,他的善恶观也含有丰富的辩证法思想,并且借鉴、吸收了18世纪法国唯物主义和马克思主义的一些思想,试图从社会历史条件出发来揭示恶的根源,由此在一定程度上超出了抽象的理性主义人性论。
Rationalism The concept of good and evil treats reason as the essence of human nature as a criterion for judging good and evil. Verdi’s operatic works contain a wealth of ideas of good and evil, with a clear tendency of depressing evil and promoting good. Its rationalism mainly embodies in the following aspects: firstly, it turns the selfish lust over the control of rationality as the root of evil; secondly, it can only prevent the proliferation of lusts through the function of reason and thus lead to goodness. At the same time, his concept of good and evil also contains a wealth of dialectical thinking, and learn from and absorb some of the ideas of French materialism and Marxism in the 18th century, trying to reveal the root causes of evil from the social and historical conditions, thus to some extent beyond The abstract theory of rationalism of human nature.