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目的了解某铜冶炼生产企业存在的职业病危害因素和采取的职业病危害防护措施,为职业病防治工作提供依据。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查和工作场所职业病危害因素检测方法,进行职业卫生现况调查分析。按照《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》,选择有代表性的作业点进行检测,其中粉尘选择9个检测点、毒物选择17个检测点、噪声选择16个检测点、工频电场选择3个检测点。结果粉尘、铜烟、铅烟、镉及其化合物、砷及其无机化合物、氧化锌、二氧化硫、硫酸雾、硫化氢、噪声、工频电场和高温为该企业主要的职业病危害因素,其中粉尘合格率为77.8%,铜烟合格率为83.33%,砷合格率为80.0%,二氧化硫合格率为50.0%,硫酸雾合格率为60.0%,铅烟、镉、氧化锌、硫化氢、噪声强度和工频电场合格率均为100%。结论该企业为职业病危害严重的生产企业,应采取有效的职业病危害防护措施,制定并严格执行职业健康检查和职业病危害因素检测制度,以防止职业病的发生。
Objective To understand the occupational hazards and the protective measures against occupational diseases in a copper smelting manufacturing enterprise and provide basis for the prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods The investigation of occupational health status was conducted by field occupational hygiene survey and detection of occupational hazards in the workplace. In accordance with the “workplace sampling of harmful substances in the air sampling,” select a representative operating point for testing, of which 9 dust detection points, select 17 poison detection points, 16 noise detection points, the choice of power frequency electric field 3 test points. Results Dust, copper, lead, cadmium and its compounds, arsenic and its inorganic compounds, zinc oxide, sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid mist, hydrogen sulfide, noise, power frequency electric field and high temperature were the main occupational hazards of the enterprise, The pass rate of copper was 83.33%, the passing rate of arsenic was 80.0%, the passing rate of sulfur dioxide was 50.0%, the pass rate of sulfuric acid mist was 60.0%, and the lead smoke, cadmium, zinc oxide, hydrogen sulfide, noise intensity and work efficiency Frequency electric field pass rate is 100%. Conclusion The enterprise is a serious manufacturing enterprise with serious occupational diseases, and should take effective protective measures against occupational hazards and formulate and strictly implement the system of occupational health examination and detection of occupational hazards in order to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases.