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临床上可从链球菌毒素休克综合征(STSS)病人体内分离出产生外毒素A(SPEA)的化脓性链球菌菌株。对SPE A研究最多的为化脓性毒素超抗原(PTSAgs),后者能激活淋巴细胞和刺激单核细胞释放细胞因子,例如TNF-α、β,IL-1及γ-干扰素。这些内源性的介质与STSS所致的毛细管渗漏、低血压及休克密切相关。
Clinically Streptococcus pyogenes strains producing exotoxin A (SPEA) can be isolated from patients with Streptococcal Shock Syndrome (STSS). The most studied SPE A is the purulent toxin superantigen (PTSAgs), which activates lymphocytes and stimulates monocytes to release cytokines such as TNF-α, β, IL-1 and IFN-γ. These endogenous mediators are closely associated with capillary leakage, hypotension and shock caused by STSS.