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文书避讳制度最早可追溯到秦始皇时期。当时秦始皇为了维护自己的威严,命令凡遇有与皇帝名字相同的字,一律以其它字、词代替,并且连与皇帝名字音近的字也不准用。譬如,秦朝文书中的“正”字,因与秦始皇赢政的“政”字音近,所以都要改成其它字。到了宋朝,文书避讳制度更加完善、严格,不但对皇帝的名字要避讳,而且对有关地名、老百姓的姓都要更改以避讳。西夏是与宋、辽抗衡的西陲小国,它自然而然也引进和效仿这一文书制度。探究西夏文书避讳制度,有助于掌握西夏文书工作及其制度。
The system of taboo documents can be traced back to the Qin Shi Huang period. At that time, Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered his enemies to maintain his majesty by ordering them to be replaced by other words and words, and not to touch words bearing the emperor’s name. For example, the word “正” in the Qin dynasty’s clerical books has to be replaced by other words because it is similar to the “political” phonology of winning the government of Emperor Qin Shihuang. In the Song Dynasty, the system of taboo instruments was more perfect and strict, not only for the name of the emperor to be taboo, but also for the place names and common people’s surnames should be changed to avoid taboo. Xixia is a small Western country contending with Song and Liao. It naturally introduces and emulates this document system. To explore the system of taboo in Western Xia instruments helps to master the Western Xia paperwork and its system.