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研究了我国九个香茅属植物品种的精油成分,按它们的主要成分可分为以下六个类型: 1.C.winterianus型:含香草醇及香叶醇(约30％)。 2.C.citratus和C.flexuosus型:含柠檬醛(40～50％)。 3.C.jwarancusa和C.distans型:前者含(+)辣薄荷酮(60～70％),后者含(+)辣薄荷酮(30～40％)及香叶醇和乙酸香叶酯(各约10％)。 4.C.martini, motia或sofia变种型:前者含香叶醇和乙酸香叶酯(各约30～40％),后者主要含香叶醇(50％)及乙酸香叶酯(10～20％)。 5.C.tortilis型:主要含甲基丁香酚(55％)。 6.C.caesius型:主要含葛缕酮(30％)。 C.tortilis是迄今已知的以芳香族化合物而不是以含氧单萜为主成分的香茅品种。本研究结果对香茅属植物的化学分类学有一定的帮助。在某些情况下这些芳香油成分在香料工业和药物工业上的利用已经实现。
In this paper, the essential oil components of nine Citronella species in China were studied. According to their main components, they can be divided into the following six types: 1. C.winterianus type: vanillin and geraniol (about 30%). 2.C.citratus and C.flexuosus type: with citral (40 ~ 50%). 3.C. jwarancusa and C. distans type: the former with (+) spicy menthone (60-70%), the latter with (+) spicy menthone (30-40%) and geraniol and geranyl acetate About 10% each). 4.C.martini, motia or sofia variants: the former geraniol acetate and geranyl acetate (each about 30 to 40%), the latter mainly geraniol (50%) and geranyl acetate (10 to 20 %). 5.C.tortilis type: mainly containing methyl eugenol (55%). 6.C.caesius type: mainly containing caulis ketone (30%). C. tortilis is hitherto known citronella species that are aromatics rather than oxygenated monoterpenes. The results of this study will help to elucidate the chemical taxonomy of Citronella. In some cases the use of these aroma oils in the perfumery industry and the pharmaceutical industry has been achieved.