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目的 了解深圳市 4～ 6岁学龄前儿童心理发育状况 ,促进儿童心理健康发展。方法 编制儿童心理行为状况父母问卷调查卷 ,通过随机抽样对 463名男童和 43 2名女童进行调查。结果 行为问题的检出率为 1 7.91 % ,其中男童为2 1 .9% ,女童为 1 2 .96%。影响因素中居住环境、家庭类型、教育方式、家庭经济收入 ,主要带养人等具有统计学意义。结论 家庭环境、家长的教养方式、态度常常是儿童行为问题的直接原因 ,应向家长宣传、普及儿童心理卫生知识 ,减少和消除不良因素 ,使儿童的发展潜力得到最大限度的发挥。
Objective To understand the psychological development of preschool children aged 4 ~ 6 years old in Shenzhen and to promote their mental health development. Methods A questionnaire on parents’ psychological status of children was compiled. A total of 463 boys and 432 girls were surveyed by random sampling. Results The detection rate of behavioral problems was 1 7.91%, of which 21.9% were for boys and 12.96% for girls. Influential factors such as living environment, family type, education mode, family income, and the main dependents were statistically significant. Conclusion Family environment, parental rearing patterns and attitudes are often the direct cause of children’s behavioral problems. Propaganda should be made to parents so as to popularize knowledge of children’s mental health, reduce and eliminate adverse factors, and maximize the development potential of children.