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人们早就注意到典型的嗜双烯化合物顺丁烯二酸杆是一个受电子体,它与某些给电子体如多甲基苯或二苯基多烯共熔,可生成有颜色的π-复合物(又叫分子复合物)。顺丁烯二酸酐的受电子作用,一般认为是由于直接连接于双键上的吸电基团?C=O,对烯基双键π电子的拉电子作用所造成的。因而根据路易斯(Lewis)酸碱理论,形成π-复合物的顺丁烯二酸酐是属于Lewis酸,又称π-酸。目前已知极强的π-酸四氰基乙烯
It has long been noted that a typical hydrophindic compound, maleic acid, is an electron acceptor that is co-melted with certain electron donors, such as polymethylbenzene or diphenyl polyene, to produce a colored π Complex (also called molecular complex). The electron-accepting action of maleic anhydride is generally believed to be due to the electron-withdrawing action of the electron-donating double bond, C = O, to the alkenyl double bond. Thus, according to the Lewis acid-base theory, the maleic anhydride that forms the π-complex belongs to the Lewis acid, also known as the π-acid. At present, very strong π-acid tetracyanoethylene is known