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目的:了解祁阳县肝吸虫病人群感染现状与流行病学特征,探讨肝吸虫病的防治策略。方法:在祁阳境内肝吸虫病高发区和低发区进行整群随机抽样,用改良加藤厚片法(Kato-katz)一送三检查肝吸虫卵;以座谈和现状调查方式,了解低发区村民生活饮用水和厕所卫生情况,并对低发区居民开展问卷调查,收集居民对肝吸虫的知信行情况。结果:2012年6~12月共调查境内16个镇23个村3761人,总感染率为18.96%,其中调查食生鱼片区761人,感染率为91.33%,非食生鱼片区3000人,感染率为0.60%;男女性别之间的感染率差异无统计学意义(X2=0.75,p>0.05),各年龄组均有感染,且感染率随着年龄增长而升高,40~60岁组感染率占76.44%,各年龄组差异显著,(X2=241.76,p<0.005),非食生鱼片区99%的家庭不做生鱼鮓,98%的村民不吃生鱼鮓。结论:祁阳县为肝吸虫病高发区,肝吸虫病已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题,应积极开展健康教育和全民驱虫综合防控措施,改变村民生食鱼鮓陋习,降低人群肝吸虫感染率。
Objective: To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatic flukes in Qiyang County, and to explore the prevention and treatment strategies of hepatic diseases. Methods: A randomized cluster sampling was conducted in high-incidence and low-incidence areas of clonorchiasis in Qiyang. Liver samples were collected on a Kato-katz test, District residents living and drinking water and sanitation, and residents of low-lying areas to carry out a questionnaire survey to collect residents of liver flu parasites situation. Results: From June to December 2012, a total of 3761 people in 23 villages in 16 townships were surveyed, with a total infection rate of 18.96%. Among them, 761 people were surveyed with raw fish, the infection rate was 91.33%, and non-raw fish area The infection rate was 0.60%. There was no significant difference in infection rates between men and women (X2 = 0.75, p> 0.05). The infection rate in all age groups increased with age, The prevalence of infection in 60-year-old group was 76.44%, with significant difference among all age groups (X2 = 241.76, p <0.005). 99% of the households in non-raw fish area did not eat raw fish and 98% . Conclusions: In Qiyang County, the prevalence of clonorchiasis is a serious public health problem. Health education and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be carried out to reduce the habit of eating raw fish and reduce the infection rate of liver flu in the population .