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以吉林省玉米带耕作黑土为研究对象,以防护林带黑土代表未耕作土壤,依据熊田法提取土壤腐殖质,分析了玉米带耕作黑土和未耕作黑土的腐殖质组成以及胡敏酸类型的差异。结果表明:长期耕作施肥使土壤腐殖质总量降低,其中,土壤游离态胡敏酸、游离态富里酸和结合态富里酸含量均有所减少,结合态胡敏酸含量变化不大。土壤结合态腐殖质的胡富比增加,说明长期耕作施肥使结合态腐殖质的活性降低。长期耕作施肥使结合态腐殖质向腐殖化度高的类型转化,结合态腐殖质质量退化。
Taking corn belt of tillage black soil in Jilin Province as the research object, the shelterbelts black soil was taken as representative of non-tillage soil. The soil humus was extracted according to the method of Xiongtianfa. The humus composition and the type of humic acid of corn belt tillage black soil and non-tillage black soil were analyzed. The results showed that the total amount of soil humus decreased with long-term tillage and fertilization, and the content of free humic acid, free fulvic acid and bound fulvic acid decreased while the content of bound humic acid changed little. Soil-bound humus increased the ratio of Hu, indicating that long-term tillage fertilization to reduce the activity of bound humus. Long-term tillage fertilization converts the bound humus to a high degree of humification and degrades the combined humus quality.