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目的掌握崇明县水痘流行特征与发病规律,为水痘防治提供科学依据。方法利用国家疾病报告管理信息系统和上海市风水腮专报系统,收集崇明县2005-2008年水痘疫情监测资料进行分析。结果崇明县2005-2008年共报告水痘1771例,平均发病率为63.44/10万。发病情况年间变化差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.59,P=0.133),2月份及8月份为发病低谷期;男性发病情况明显比女性严重,男女发病数性别比为1.291∶1,发病率之比为1.326∶1;各乡镇均有病例发生,但存在明显的地区差异(χ2=905.10,P=0.000);5～19岁年龄段为主要发病人群,占总发病数的78.32%;发病职业以学生为主,占病例总数的76.34%。结论在推广水痘疫苗的基础上,加强疫情监测,规范学校水痘疫情处置,以达到控制水痘发病的目标。
Objective To grasp the epidemiology and pathogenesis of chickenpox in Chongming County and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of chickenpox. Methods National disease reporting management information system and Shanghai Feng Shui Gazetteer system were used to collect data on the epidemic surveillance of chicken pox in Chongming County during 2005-2008. Results A total of 1771 chickenpox cases were reported in Chongming County from 2005 to 2008, with an average incidence rate of 63.44 / 100 000. There was no significant difference in the incidence of disease between years (χ2 = 5.59, P = 0.133), and in February and August, the morbidity was significantly lower than that of the females. The incidence of males and females was 1.291:1 (Χ2 = 905.10, P = 0.000). The age group of 5-19 years old was the main disease group, accounting for 78.32% of the total number of cases. The incidence of occupational diseases Student-based, accounting for 76.34% of the total number of cases. Conclusion Based on the promotion of varicella vaccine, we should strengthen the surveillance of epidemic situation and regulate the handling of chickenpox epidemics in schools so as to achieve the goal of controlling the incidence of chickenpox.