目前,黑热病在我国基本控制,但在少数地区仍有散在发病。1990年我们遇到黑热病1例,误诊4月余,现报告如下。患者,男,27岁。因不规则低热、乏力、颜面苍黄4月,先后以“贫血、肝硬化、白血病”收住外院,经治疗,病情无好转。于入院前10天,又出现弛张热,诊断为“败血症”。先后给予多种抗生素静滴,高热不退,于1990年6月5日转我院,以“发热待查”收入本科。入院后予抗生素静滴、支持等治疗,每日体温仍波动于37.5℃～40℃之间。患者6月前到过甘肃做临工。入院体检:T39.2℃、P120、R28。一般尚可,消瘦,发育正常,皮肤无皮疹及黄染,巩膜黄染,颜面苍黄。心肺无异常,肝肋下5cm,脾肋下15cm,余无阳性体征。实验室检查:Hb 6.5g/L, WBC 3.2×10~9/L、中性0.56、淋巴0.38,PC 56×10~9/L。血培 At present, kala-azar is basically controlled in our country, but there are still scattered diseases in a few areas. In 1990, we encountered one case of kala-azar, misdiagnosed more than 4 months, are as follows. Patient, male, 27 years old. Due to irregular low fever, fatigue, facial pale yellow in April, has “anemia, cirrhosis, leukemia” received outside the hospital, after treatment, the condition did not improve. Ten days prior to admission, it developed remission fever and was diagnosed as “sepsis.” Has given a variety of intravenous antibiotics, high fever, on June 5, 1990 transfer to our hospital, “fever pending investigation” income undergraduate. After admission antibiotics intravenous infusion, support and other treatment, daily body temperature is still fluctuating between 37.5 ℃ ~ 40 ℃. The patient went to Gansu to work as a temporary worker six months ago. Admission examination: T39.2 ℃, P120, R28. Generally acceptable, weight loss, normal development, skin rash and yellow dye, scleral yellow dye, pale face. No abnormal heart and lung, hepatic ribs 5cm, 15cm under the spleen, I no positive signs. Laboratory tests: Hb 6.5g / L, WBC 3.2 × 10 ~ 9 / L, neutral 0.56, lymph 0.38, PC 56 × 10 ~ 9 / L. Blood culture