一、前言 武汉郊区栽培最广的蕃茄品种“武昌大红”,据郊区菜农反映:该品种系日人于1938年引入,当时的果实呈园形,果蒂部绿色,其余部分红色;植株高3尺左右,第一层花序着生在6—8叶节间,每节或隔节生一花序,每花序数5—7朵;每果平均重8—12两,每单株产量5斤,每亩约9千斤左右;无病害发生,偶有蕃茄螟为害,不严重,故为一早熟丰产品质佳良的品种。但经十多年的栽培,近来已有显著退化现象,主要表现为:对病虫抵抗力的减低,果形已变扁园形,全果呈红色,第一层花序部位在第8、9节以上,每花序花数增多,花柱常呈畸形,每果重由1两至12两不等,单株产量减 I. Introduction The most widely cultivated tomato species in the outskirts of Wuhan, “Red of Wuchang,” reflects the fact that the variety was introduced in 1938 by Japanese people in the suburbs. At that time, the fruit was circular in shape, the green part of the fruit pedicel was green, and the rest was red. Feet or so, the first layer of inflorescence was born in the 6-8 leaf internodes, each node or every other node inflorescence, 5-7 flowers per inflorescence; each fruit an average of 8-12 two per plant yield of 5 pounds, About 9 kg per acre; no disease occurs, occasionally tomato borer damage, not serious, it is a precocious high yield good quality varieties. However, after more than ten years of cultivation, there have been significant degradation phenomena recently, mainly as follows: the resistance to pests and diseases is reduced; the fruit shape has changed into a flat garden shape and the whole fruit is red; Above the section, an increase in the number of flowers per inflorescence, style often deformity, weight per fruit from two to 12 two range, yield per plant