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为深入研究Graves病发病机制和干预治疗措施,首要任务便是建立符合人类发病机理和特点的Graves病动物模型。近年来,涌现出许多Graves病动物模型的构建方法,为了更好地认识其发病机制,探寻有效的防治措施,有必要对其实验动物模型的研究进行系统的梳理,该文依据其构建方法将动物模型分为外源性给药造模、细菌感染、核酸免疫、细胞免疫、腺病毒免疫、甲状腺球蛋白模型、转基因动物模型等,并对其各自造模的具体方法、机理和优缺点综述如下。
In order to further study the pathogenesis of Graves disease and intervention treatment, the first task is to establish an animal model of Graves’ disease which is in line with human pathogenesis and characteristics. In recent years, many methods of constructing animal models of Graves’ disease have emerged. In order to better understand its pathogenesis and explore effective prevention and treatment measures, it is necessary to systematically review the research on animal models of Graves. Based on its construction method, Animal models are divided into four groups: exogenous drug delivery, bacterial infection, nucleic acid immunization, cellular immunity, adenovirus immunization, thyroglobulin model, transgenic animal model, and their specific methods, mechanisms and advantages and disadvantages as follows.