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目的:探讨抑郁和躯体疾病对社区轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment，MCI)患者认知功能影响的作用路径及其潜在的中介机制，为认知管理策略的构建提供理论依据。方法:运用一般资料调查表、蒙特利尔认知评估量表及老年抑郁量表于2018年1月至2019年6月对252名社区轻度认知障碍患者进行测评。采用SPSS 22.0、AMOS 22.0进行数据的描述性分析、相关分析、数据建模及验证性因素分析；运用Bootstrap法进行中介效应检验。结果:社区MCI患者MoCA得分[(19.66±3.90)分]；年龄、教育程度、社交频度、体育锻炼频度与抑郁程度、躯体疾病个数与MoCA得分相关(n r＝-0.440～0.487，均n P<0.01)；结构方程模型结果显示，χn 2/n df＝2.476、CFI＝0.916、TLI＝0.885、GFI＝0.919、AGFI＝0.871、RMSEA＝0.077，模型拟合良好；中介效应分析显示，年龄、教育程度、社交频度和体育锻炼频度可直接影响认知功能(效应值分别为-0.183、0.458、0.237、0.174，均n P<0.01)，躯体疾病个数在年龄、教育程度、体育锻炼频度与认知功能间发挥部分中介作用(效应值分别为-0.106、0.078、0.075，均n P<0.01)，抑郁程度在年龄、社交频度和体育锻炼频度与认知功能间发挥部分中介作用(效应值分别为-0.075、0.080、0.050，均n P<0.01)，躯体疾病个数-抑郁程度在年龄、教育程度和体育锻炼频度中发挥链式中介作用(效应值分别为-0.028、0.031、0.019，均n P<0.01)。n 结论:社区MCI认知管理应重点锁定高龄、低教育程度群体；在实施以运动干预提升认知功能的健康管理策略中，同时加强慢性躯体疾病的有效管理及负性情绪的评估与疏通，以增加生活方式(尤其是体育锻炼)对认知功能改善的效果。“,”Objective:To explore the action path and the potential mediating effects of depression and physical diseases on the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) in community, and provide the theoretical basis for the construction of the strategy of cognitive regulation.Methods:A convenient sample survey was conducted on 252 mild cognitive impairment patients in the community undergoing screening using the general information questionnaire, Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA) and geriatric depression scale(GDS-15)from January 2018 to June 2019. SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 softwares were used to conduct descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model and confirmatory factor analysis.Results:The score of MoCA was 19.66±3.90 for all MCI patients. There were significant correlations among age, education, social frequency, physical exercise frequency and depression degree, the number of physical disease and MoCA(n r=-0.440-0.487, n P<0.01). The structural equation model fits well(χn 2/n df=2.476, TLI=0.885, CFI=0.916, GFI=0.919, AGFI=0.871, RMSEA=0.077). Mediation modeling analysis showed that age, education, social frequency physical exereise frequency had a direct effect on cognitive function(effect value was -0.183, 0.458, 0.237, 0.174, n P<0.01). There were partly mediating effect of the number of physical disease between age, education, physical exercise frequency and cognitive function(effect value was -0.106, 0.078, 0.075,n P<0.01), and there were partly mediating effect of depression degree between age, social frequency, physical exercise frequency and cognitive function(effect value was -0.075, 0.080, 0.050,n P<0.01), and there were chain mediating effect of the number of physical disease-depression degree between age, education, physical exercise(effect value was -0.028, 0.031, 0.019,n P<0.01).n Conclusion:The cognitive management of MCI among community should focus on the elderly, low education level groups.In the implementation of exercise intervention to improve cognitive function of health management strategy, while to strengthen the effective management of physical diseases and negative emotion evaluation and dredging, to increase the effect of exercise intervention on cognitive function improvement.