目的　探讨新生儿高间接胆红素血症 (简称高胆 )的病因及临床特点。　方法　对我院1990年 1月～ 1999年 12月收治的资料完整的 144 4例高胆病例按其病因或相关疾病分为六组进行回顾性分析。　结果　高胆患儿占同期新生儿住院例数的 34 .7% ,男∶女 =1.4∶ 1,发病日龄小于 7d者占 95 .8% ,血清胆红素峰值最高达 5 13μmol/ L ,病因依次为围产因素 (2 8% )、原因不明 (2 4% )、新生儿溶血病 (2 0 % )、母乳性黄疸 (14% )、感染 (10 % )及其他因素。新生儿溶血病出现黄疸时间明显早于其余各组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但重度黄疸所占比例与感染组及母乳性黄疸组比差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。母乳性黄疸组早发型占 85 % ,晚发型占 15 % ,出现黄疸及胆红素达峰值时间均晚于其他组(P<0 .0 5 ) ,但住院日数明显少于其他组 (P<0 .0 5 )。感染因素组住院时间最长 (P<0 .0 0 1)。各组胆红素峰值之间差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。所有病例均治愈 ,无胆红素脑病发生。　结论　高胆占住院新生儿的比例较 2 0世纪 80年代有所下降 ,围产因素仍为发病的首要因素 ,不明原因高胆及早发型母乳性黄疸病例增多 ,除胆红素值大于目前标准外 ,其他临床特征均与生理性黄疸相似 ,提示这两组可能包括部分生理性黄疸 ,建议修正高胆的诊断及干预 Objective To investigate the etiology and clinical features of neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinaemia (referred to as “high bile”). Methods A total of 144 4 cases of cholecystitis with complete data, which were treated in our hospital from January 1990 to December 1999, were retrospectively analyzed according to their causes or related diseases. Results The proportion of neonates with gallbladder in the same period was 34.7%, male: female = 1.4: 1, 95.8% of the patients with onset day less than 7d, and peak serum bilirubin reached 5 13μmol / L, The causes were perinatal factors (28%), unknown causes (24%), neonatal hemolytic disease (20%), breast milk jaundice (14%), infections (10%) and other factors. Neonatal hemolytic disease jaundice time was significantly earlier than the other groups (P <0.05), but the proportion of severe jaundice and infection group and breast milk jaundice group no significant difference (P> 0.05). The incidence rate of early onset of breast-type in jaundice group was 85%, late-onset type was 15%, peak time of jaundice and bilirubin peak were later than other groups (P <0.05), but the days of hospitalization were significantly less than those in other groups (P < 0 .0 5). Infection group had the longest hospital stay (P <0. 001). There was no significant difference between each group of bilirubin (P> 0.05). All cases were cured, no bilirubin encephalopathy. Conclusions The proportion of neonates with high gallbladder in inpatients is lower than that in the 1980s. Perinatal factors are still the most important factor in the pathogenesis of unexplained gallbladder and early-onset breast-feeding jaundice. Except bilirubin value greater than the current standard , Other clinical features are similar to physiological jaundice, suggesting that these two groups may include some physiological jaundice, it is recommended to amend the diagnosis and intervention of high bile