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在正当防卫的本质问题上,基于结果无价值论的优越利益说或法益衡量说在司法实践中更具可操作性,而基于行为无价值论的社会相当性说在我国这样一个处于转型期和网络活跃期的社会中,不仅不具有实践可操作性,而且十分不可靠。在正当防卫的成立要件上,事情起因的正当与否、防卫意图的存在及正当与否,不能左右正当防卫的成立。过于关注防卫意图甚至将防卫意图前置到事情起因正当与否上的行为无价值论,反而会引起更多纷争,无法实现行为无价值论所期望的刑法之公众认同。通过对常熟聚众斗殴案的分析,可以看出结果无价值论关于正当防卫的立场具有更强大的解释能力和现实可操作性。
On the nature of justifiable defense, the theory of superiority of interests or the measurement of interests of law based on the results of non-value theory is more operable in judicial practice. However, the social equivalence based on the theory of worthlessness of behavior is a transitional period in China, In a society where the Internet is active, it is not only not practical and practical, but also very unreliable. Whether justification for the cause of the incident, the existence and justification of the defense intent can justify the establishment of due diligence on the founding elements of justifiable defense. Too much attention to the intention of defending and even placing the intention of defense on the worthlessness of the act on the basis of whether the cause of the incident is justified or not will lead to more disputes and will not achieve the public’s approval of the criminal law expected by the actionlessness theory. Through the analysis of the case of Changshu aggression and assault, it can be seen that the result valuelessness theory has more powerful explanatory power and realistic operability on the position of justifiable defense.