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脉络膜肿瘤是成人最常见的眼内肿瘤,而黑色素瘤又居脉胳膜肿瘤的首位。由于诊断上的困难,黑色素瘤的误诊率较高,一般报告为2.7—19%,Font甚至报告高达40%。目前诊断脉络膜黑色素瘤的方法较多,包括眼底荧光血管造影、超声波检查、~(32)P吸收试验、血中抗体检查、透照、直接及间接眼底镜检查、裂隙灯三面棱镜检查等。本文着重综述眼底荧光血管造影、超声波、~(32)P吸收试验等检查方法在脉络膜黑色素瘤诊断中的作用,以及使用这些方法对脉胳膜黑色素瘤和脉络膜血管瘤、脉络膜转移癌、脉络膜黑痣等肿瘤作鉴别的结果。
Choroidal neoplasms are the most common intraocular tumors in adults, and melanoma is the first in the world. Misdiagnosis rates for melanoma are high due to diagnostic difficulties, generally reported as 2.7-19%, and Font even reported as high as 40%. At present, there are many ways to diagnose choroidal melanoma, including fundus fluorescein angiography, ultrasound, ~ (32) P absorption test, blood antibody examination, transillumination, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, slit lamp prism examination. This review focuses on the role of fundus fluorescein angiography, ultrasound, ~ (32) P absorption test in the diagnosis of choroidal melanoma, and the use of these methods for the diagnosis of melanoma and choroidal hemangiomas, choroidal hemangiomas, choroidal blacks, Mole and other tumors for the identification of the results.