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T细胞据其表面抗原受体不同,分γδT细胞和αβT细胞。前者仅占外周血的1％～10％,但在粘膜免疫系统的比例却远高于此,它有着独特的来源、分布、表面标记、功能及生物学意义。国内在呼吸系疾病的研究尚未开展,国外对肺癌、支气管哮喘、肺结核等也只做了一些初步研究,结果显示在不同疾病,起特异免疫反应的γδT细胞亚型不同,在肺癌可能以Vδ+1占优势,甚至有异源性Vδ基因表达;在肺结核患者,对结核杆菌反应占优势的Vγ2/Vδ2亚型缺失或耐受;支气管哮喘患者外周血γδT细胞减少,而BAL中却增加,糖皮质激素可促进其凋亡。
T cells according to their different surface antigen receptors, sub-γδ T cells and αβ T cells. The former only accounts for 1% ~ 10% of peripheral blood, but its proportion in the mucosal immune system is much higher than that. It has unique origin, distribution, surface marker, function and biological significance. Domestic research on respiratory diseases has not yet been carried out in foreign countries, lung cancer, bronchial asthma, tuberculosis and so only some preliminary studies have shown that in different diseases, from specific immune response γδT subtypes are different in lung cancer may be Vδ + 1 predominance, and even heterologous Vδ gene expression; in tuberculosis patients, the dominant response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Vγ2 / Vδ2 subtype deletion or tolerance; bronchial asthma patients with peripheral blood γδ T cells decreased, but increased BAL, sugar Corticosteroids can promote their apoptosis.