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敦煌石窟为我国三大石窟代表之一,属于世界上最优秀的石窟。包括莫高窟、西千佛洞、安西榆林窟、东千佛洞、水峡口下洞子石窟、肃北五个庙石窟、一个庙石窟、玉门昌马石窟等,因各石窟的艺术风格同属一脉,主要石窟莫高窟位于古敦煌郡,且古代敦煌又为本地区政治、经济、文化中心,故统称敦煌石窟。敦煌石窟融建筑、雕塑、壁画三者于一体,是中国古代艺术史的百科全书,其建筑和壁画中的建筑(建筑画)显示出独特的文化价值,不仅与中国传统的建筑文化有着内在的关联,而且与中国历史发展和社会根源有着不可分割的渊源关系。本文拟从建筑学的角度来分析其文化价值及成因。
Dunhuang Grottoes represent one of the three largest grottoes in China and belong to the best grottoes in the world. Including Mogao Grottoes, West Thousand Buddha Caves, Anxi Yulin Grottoes, East Thousand Buddha Caves, Shui Xiakou Cave Grottoes, Subei Five Temple Grottoes, a Temple Grottoes, and Yumen Changma Grottoes. Due to the artistic style of the Grottoes, Both belong to the same vein, the main grottoes Mogao Grottoes in the ancient Dunhuang County, and ancient Dunhuang and the region’s political, economic and cultural center, it is collectively referred to Dunhuang Grottoes. Dunhuang Grottoes integrates buildings, sculptures and murals into one. It is an encyclopedia of ancient Chinese art history. The architecture (architectural drawings) in its architecture and murals shows unique cultural values. It is not only intrinsically linked to the traditional Chinese architectural culture But also has an inseparable relationship with China’s historical development and social roots. This article intends to analyze its cultural value and its causes from the perspective of architecture.