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区位分配模型是设施选址研究中的重要方法,其中p-median模型是应用最广泛的一种.但传统p-median模型中每一需求点仅选择最近的那一个设施的假设具有一定局限性.重力p-median模型对此进行了重要改进,假设需求者根据距离和设施吸引力确定选择各个设施的概率.但目前学界关于重力p-media:n模型在实际应用中的有效性仍未达成一致.本文将重力p-median模型应用到北京市延庆县医疗设施布局的实际案例中,并与p-median模型进行比较,以检验重力p-median模型的有效性和适用范围.结果表明,重力p-median模型作出的改进具有实际意义,当设施候选点吸引力存在差异时,重力p-median模型会得到与传统p-median模型显著不同的优化结果;两个模型适用于不同的设施选择行为,在实际应用中需把握清楚所研究设施的特点才能做出合理的选择.
Location allocation model is an important method in site selection research, of which p-median model is the most widely used one, but the assumption of selecting the nearest one for each demand point in traditional p-median model has some limitations The gravity-p-median model has been greatly improved, assuming that the demander can determine the probability of selecting each facility according to the distance and the attraction of the facility, but the validity of the p-media: n model in practice has not yet been achieved , The p-median model of gravity is applied to the actual case of medical facility layout in Yanqing County, Beijing, and compared with p-median model to test the validity and scope of gravity p-median model.The results show that gravity The improvements made by the p-median model are of practical significance. When there are discrepancies in attraction of facilities, the gravity p-median model will obtain significantly different results from the traditional p-median model. The two models are suitable for different facilities selection behavior In practice, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the facilities under study to make a reasonable choice.