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抗日战争时期,由于后方所需各种战略和民用物资,如汽油、煤油、柴油、橡胶、汽车配件、药品、钢材、棉纱、白糖、纸张等,国内能解决的很少,大多数靠国外进口;同时国内剩余物资需大量输出以换取外汇,国际上援助中国的物资也需要运到国内,这些迫使中国先后艰难地开辟和使用了包括陆路、水路和空路在内的5条援华国际运输线。
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, most of the domestic reliance on foreign imports was due to the various strategic and civilian materials required at the rear, such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, rubber, auto parts, pharmaceuticals, steel, cotton yarn, sugar, paper, At the same time, large quantities of domestic surplus materials are required to be exported in exchange for foreign exchange. International assistance to China also needs to be shipped to China. This has forced China to open up and use 5 international transportation lines including land, water and airways .