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改革开放以來,中国外汇体制逐步向以市场配置外汇资源为主的机制转变。经过1994年和1996年的两次重大而成功的外汇体制改革,中国于1996年12月1日宣佈接受国际货幣基金组织第八条款,实现人民幣经常项目可兌换。1998年,中国外汇管理法规取向是打击非法外汇资金流动,保证合法外汇资金需求。1999年,中国外汇管理法规取向是向鼓励出口和利用外资,争取更多的外汇流入。实现资本项目可兌换,最终实现人民幣完全可兌换仍然是中国外汇体制改革的终极目标。
Since the reform and opening up, China’s foreign exchange system has gradually shifted to a mechanism dominated by the market’s allocation of foreign exchange resources. After two major and successful reforms of the foreign exchange system in 1994 and 1996, China announced the acceptance of Article 8 of the International Monetary Fund on December 1, 1996, to allow the current account of the renminbi to be convertible. In 1998, China’s foreign exchange control laws and regulations aimed at cracking down on the flow of illegal foreign exchange funds and guaranteeing the demand for legitimate foreign exchange funds. In 1999, the orientation of China’s foreign exchange control laws and regulations was to encourage the export and utilization of foreign capital and strive for more foreign exchange inflows. The ultimate goal of China’s reform of the foreign exchange system is to achieve the convertibility of capital account and finally realize the complete convertibility of RMB.