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金属材料在特定条件下,表现出来的异常高的延伸率,称为超塑性。特定的条件既包括金属材料本身固有的条件。例如,一定的成分,显微组织及转变能力(相变,再结晶及固溶度变化等)。也包括外在的实验条件,例如,温度及形变速率等。在超塑性状态下的金属材料除具有异常高的延伸率外,还具有低的强度。强度值一般都不超过0.7公斤/毫米~2。因此,极易变形,类似软糖及胶。所以亦有人将超塑性金属材料称之为“金属软糖”或“金属胶”。除金属材料外,非金属材料,例如陶瓷及有机材料也都会产生超塑性。超塑性材料的发展前途未可限量。
Metal materials under specific conditions, the performance of the exceptionally high elongation, known as superplasticity. Specific conditions include both the inherent conditions of the metal material itself. For example, a certain composition, microstructure and transformation ability (phase change, recrystallization and solid solubility changes, etc.). Also includes external experimental conditions, such as temperature and deformation rate. In the superplastic state, the metallic material has a low strength in addition to an unusually high elongation. Intensity values generally do not exceed 0.7 kg / mm ~ 2. Therefore, very easy to deformation, similar to jelly and plastic. So some people will superplastic metal called “metal candy” or “metal glue.” In addition to metallic materials, non-metallic materials such as ceramics and organic materials also produce superplasticity. The future of superplastic material development is unlimited.