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目的了解东海县艾滋病流行特征及规律,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集1999—2014年东海县艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病患者(AIDS)流行病学资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果1999年东海县发现首例AIDS病例,至2014年底共发现68例HIV/AIDS,年均发病率0.593/10万,疫情呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=15.567,P<0.01)。感染者年龄以20~39岁为主(73.53%),男女性别比为5.18∶1;性接触传播为主要途径(95.59%);已婚占45.59%;本县户籍占89.71%;职业分布以农民最多(38.24%),其次是商业服务(17.65%);文化程度初中及以下的占61.76%;样本来源以自愿咨询检测报告最多(39.71%)。结论东海县艾滋病疫情呈上升趋势,性接触传播为主要途径,男男性接触传播上升明显,应加强重点人群、农村和流动人口的艾滋病宣传教育和艾滋病检测力度,同时对高危人群采取针对性的行为干预措施,建议试行早发现早治疗策略,以控制疫情的进一步蔓延。
Objective To understand the characteristics and laws of AIDS epidemic in Donghai County and to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Epidemiological data of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients in Donghai County from 1999 to 2014 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results The first case of AIDS was found in Donghai County in 1999. By the end of 2014, a total of 68 HIV / AIDS cases were found, with an average annual incidence of 0.593 / 100000. The outbreak was on the rise (χ2 trend = 15.567, P <0.01). The age of infected persons was mainly 20-39 years old (73.53%), the sex ratio of men and women was 5.18:1; sexual contact was the main way (95.59%); married 45.59%; 89.81% The farmers were the largest (38.24%), followed by commercial service (17.65%). The students with junior high school education and below accounted for 61.76% of the total. The samples were sourced from voluntary counseling and testing (39.71%). Conclusion The epidemic situation of AIDS in Donghai County is on the rise. Sexual transmission is the main route. The transmission of MSM is obviously increased. AIDS awareness and education and AIDS testing among key population, rural areas and floating population should be strengthened. At the same time, targeted behaviors should be taken for high-risk groups Interventions, it is recommended to pilot early detection and early treatment strategies to control the spread of the epidemic.