经验实证主义方法包括证明和证伪,以均衡和基数效用论为理论前提。支持经验实证主义的理由是理论需要经验的验证,而反对者认为证伪方法的可靠性值得怀疑,且现实性缺失。本文进一步指出经验实证主义方法的问题是不切实际的人类行为假设,忽视了对人真实行为的考察以及应被用来检验理论的经验与现实经验之间的不一致性。 Empirical positivist approaches include proof and falsification, with the premise of equilibrium and cardinal utility theory. The rationale for supporting empirical positivism is that the theory requires empirical verification, whereas opponents argue that the reliability of the falsification method is questionable and the reality is missing. This article further points out that the problem of empiricist approaches is unrealistic hypotheses of human behavior, neglecting the examination of human actual behavior and the inconsistency between empirical and practical experience that should be used to test the theory.