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【目的】研究水肥一体化(滴灌施肥)对红麻生长、纤维产量和品质的影响,探讨红麻水肥利用特点,为红麻高产高效栽培提供参考。【方法】大田试验设6个滴灌施肥处理和1个对照(CK),CK采用100%灌水量(16.183 m3)和100%施肥量(264.00 kgN/ha,88.04 kgP 2O5/ha,176.09 kgK 2O/ha),撒施、沟灌;处理T1~T3均采用100%灌水量、施肥量分别为100%、75%和50%,处理T34~T6采用80%灌水量(12.947 m)、施肥量分别为100%、75%和50%。收获时考察不同处理红麻农艺性状和纤维指标。【结果】与常规施肥、灌溉相比,6个滴灌施肥处理可显著促进红麻的生长和改善纤维品质,红麻株高、茎粗、皮厚、地上部干质量、纤维产量和纤维线密度分别显著增加13.2%~25.5%、0.7%~1.4%、10.6%~20.3%、12.5%~30.9%、15.1%~36.8%和7.2%~30.7%,其中以T1处理的综合效果最好,其次为T5、T2。T1处理的株高、地上部分干质量、纤维产量等最高,但大部分与T5处理差异不显著,而处理T5的纤维强力显著高于处理T1。【结论】滴灌施肥时,T5处理(80%灌水量:12.947 m3,75%施肥量:198.0 kgN/ha,66.03 kgP 2O5/ha,132.07 kgK 2O/ha)可获得较好的节水节肥效果,建议在红麻生产上推荐应用。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of water and fertilizer integration (drip irrigation) on the growth, fiber yield and quality of kenaf, and to explore the characteristics of water and fertilizer utilization of kenaf and to provide reference for the high yield and high yield of kenaf. 【Method】 Field experiments were conducted with 6 drip irrigation treatments and 1 CK treatment. CK was applied with 100% irrigation (16.183 m3) and 100% fertilizer (264.00 kgN / ha, 88.04 kgP 2O5 / ha and 176.09 kgK 2 O / 100% irrigation amount, 100%, 75% and 50% fertilizer amount respectively, 80% irrigation amount (12.947 m) for T34 ~ T6, 100%, 75% and 50%. At harvest, the agronomic traits and fiber indexes of different treatments were investigated. 【Result】 Compared with conventional fertilization and irrigation, 6 drip irrigation treatments could significantly promote the growth of kenaf and improve the fiber quality. The plant height, stem diameter, shoot thickness, shoot dry weight, fiber yield and fiber linear density Respectively, increased by 13.2% -25.5%, 0.7% -1.4%, 10.6% -20.3%, 12.5% -30.9%, 15.1% -36.8% and 7.2% -30.7%, respectively, of which T1 was the best, followed by For T5, T2. The plant height, shoot dry weight and fiber yield of T1 treatment were the highest, but most of them were not significantly different from T5 treatment, but the fiber strength of T5 treatment was significantly higher than that of T1 treatment. 【Conclusion】 T5 treatment (80% irrigation: 12.947 m3, 75% fertilization: 198.0 kg N / ha, 66.03 kgP 2O5 / ha, 132.07 kgK 2O / ha) can achieve better water saving and fertilizer saving effect , It is recommended to recommend the application of kenaf production.