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通过对主茎优势型品种的籽粒灌浆特性及不同栽培措施对其作用结果进行了分析。结果表明 ,大穗、多粒、主茎优势型品种籽粒干重增加的关键时期是小麦灌浆的快增期。提高灌浆渐增后期至快增前期的灌浆速率 ;稳定快增后期灌浆速率 ;促进缓增期的灌浆速率对于提高此类品种籽粒干重至关重要。在本试验条件下 ,大穗、多粒、主茎分蘖优势型品种有利于籽粒干重增长的最佳播期是 1 0月 4日 ,最佳播量是 375× 1 0 4粒 /hm2 ,最佳的施肥方式是底施氮肥 1 95kg/hm2 ,不追施氮肥 ,底施纯磷 (P2 O5 ) 1 2 0 0kg/hm2 ,底施纯钾 (K2 O)4 5 0kg/hm2 。
The results of the effects of different filling methods on the grain filling characteristics of dominant stem varieties were analyzed. The results showed that the key period for increasing the dry weight of grains with big spike, multiple grains and dominant stems was the fast growing period of wheat grain filling. Increase the grain filling rate from the later stage of grouting to the early stage of fast growing; stabilize the later stage filling rate; and promote the grain filling rate in the period of moderate increase is very important to improve the dry weight of these varieties. Under the experimental conditions, the optimum sowing date for the dry weight growth of large grains with large spike, multiple grains and main stems was 1.04 on the 4th, and the best sowing rate was 375 × 10 4 grains / hm 2. The best fertilization method is nitrogen application at the bottom of 1 95kg / hm2, no topdressing nitrogen fertilizer, bottom pure phosphorus (P2 O5) 1200kg / hm2, bottom pure potassium (K2O) 450kg / hm2.