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陈独秀是在国际共运分裂的复杂形势下开始认知社会主义的。其社会主义的基本观点倾向于社会民主主义。一是执政者谋资本劳力之调和是人类幸福。贫富悬殊绝不是社会之福,只有保护个人、限制兼并、实行劳资调和才是“人类之幸福”。这正是当时第二国际社会民主党以经济改良主义实现社会主义的主张。二是通过协调资本“个人社会间利益两全”的办法发展大工业。三是认为中国产业未兴,尚不具备进行社会主义的主客观条件。四是陈独秀不迷信任何理论和权威,充分显示其追求科学、民主与实事求是的精神。
Chen Duxiu started his cognitive socialism under the complex situation of international communist movement and splittism. Its basic idea of socialism tends to social democracy. First, the reconciliation of the rulers for capitalist labor is human happiness. The disparity between the rich and the poor is by no means a blessing to society. Only the protection of individuals, the restriction of mergers and the mediation of labor and capital are the “happiness of human beings.” This is precisely the claim of the second international Social Democrats to bring about socialism with economic reformism. The second is to develop large industries through the coordination of capital “the interests of both individuals ”. Third, it considers that the industry in China is unsettled and does not yet have the subjective and objective conditions for carrying out socialism. Fourth, Chen Duxiu did not believe in any theory or authority and fully displayed his spirit of pursuing science, democracy and seeking truth from facts.