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目的掌握郧县活禽市场禽流感病毒分布现况,为疫情风险评估防控提供依据。方法 2011—2013年每季度采集10~15份4个活禽市场外环境(禽笼、禽粪、冲洗水)标本,用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测禽流感病毒FluA、AH5、AH9、AN1核酸。结果 2011—2013年FluA、AH5、AH9、AN1平均检出率为46.25%、13.13%、35.63%、6.25%,2011年AH5检出率(27.59%)高于AH9(13.79%),2012和2013年AH5检出率(1.67%、16.90%)低于AH9(31.67%、47.89%);FluA检出率第2~4季度高于第1季度(χ2=8.665,P<0.01),AH9检出率第2~4季度高于第1季度(χ2=6.372,P<0.05),AH5仅在2和4季度检出;冲洗水和禽笼的FluA、AH5、AH9检出率分别高于禽粪(χ2=6.240,P<0.05、χ2=5.432,P<0.05、χ2=11.684,P<0.01);在冲洗水中检出AH5和AN1同时阳性8份,在禽笼中检出AH5和AN1同时阳性2份。结论郧县活禽市场外环境存在禽流感病毒AH9、AH5等亚型污染,应重点加强该环境监测,重点做好职业暴露人群的预防。
Objective To understand the current situation of avian influenza virus distribution in live poultry market in Yun County and provide evidence for prevention and control of epidemic risk assessment. Methods From 2011 to 2013, 10 ~ 15 samples from 4 live poultry markets (poultry cage, poultry manure and flushing water) were collected quarterly and the FluA, AH5, AH9 and AN1 nucleic acids were detected by real-time RT- . Results The average detection rates of FluA, AH5, AH9 and AN1 from 2011 to 2013 were 46.25%, 13.13%, 35.63% and 6.25% respectively. The detection rate of AH5 in 2011 was 27.59% higher than that in AH9 (13.79%) in 2012 and 2013 The detection rate of AHA was lower than that of AH9 (31.67%, 47.89%) in the second and fourth quarters (χ2 = 8.665, P <0.01) The rates of FluA, AH5 and AH9 in wash water and poultry cage were higher than that of poultry manure in the second and fourth quarters (χ2 = 6.372, P <0.05) (χ2 = 6.240, P <0.05, χ2 = 5.432, P <0.05, χ2 = 11.684, P <0.01); positive AH5 and AN1 were detected in the washing water at the same time; 2 copies. Conclusion There are some subtypes of avian influenza virus AH9, AH5 and so on in the external environment of the live market of Yunxian County. We should strengthen the monitoring of the environment and focus on the prevention of occupational exposure.