前言目前,钢铁市埸在生产质量和价格两方面竞争激烈。很多早期建立的公司还保留老式的工厂和过时的技术,已跟不上现代化生产的节拍,而更新设备花费过高,因此这些工厂别无选择,只好倒闭。然而确有一些公司设法增添现代化的控制系统(设备)和改进操纵设施以提高现有设备的运转效率,使生产技术保持在较高水平上。当然有关的辅助设备也须进行改善。谢菲尔德锻造公司所属的登河工厂就是其中的一个典型实例。一台20多年前安装在那儿的10000t水压机经过改造,现已成为当今最现代化的锻造设备,所花费用远远低于修建一个 Foreword At present, the steel market is highly competitive both in terms of production quality and price. Many of the early-established companies also kept old-fashioned factories and outdated technologies that were behind the beat of modern production and over-renewed equipment, so they had no choice but to close down. However, there are indeed companies that try to add modern control systems (equipment) and improve control facilities to improve the operational efficiency of existing equipment and keep production techniques at a high level. Of course, the related auxiliary equipment needs to be improved. Sheffield forging company owned Denghe factory is one of the typical examples. A 10,000t hydraulic press installed there more than 20 years ago has been transformed into the most modern forging equipment available today, costing much less than building one