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《语文教学通讯》1984年第三期《〈中学教学语法系统提要(试用)〉问答》专号,是全面解释《提要》的长篇文章,读后颇受教益。但对照《提要》审订一番,不难发现该文颇有疏漏之处。现举出数端以就正。一、“昨天来了一位客人”的句型如何处理。此句的句首词“昨天”是个时间词。动词性的语法单位里的句首词定为什么成分,至今语法学界没有一致的认识。《提要》3、2、4认为时间词在动词短语中“常作状语”是妥当的。如是,此句若无句号,便是动词短语,那么句首的时间词应视为状语。《“提要”问答》中也指出“时间词、处所词常常作状语、补语。”然而,《“提要”问答》却
The “Teaching News of Chinese” 1984 third issue of “The Quiz for Secondary School Teaching Grammar System (Trial)” is a long article that comprehensively explains the “Summary,” and is very helpful after reading it. However, it is not difficult to find that the article has some omissions in comparison with the “Summary” review. Let’s take the number to correct. First, how to deal with the sentence of “a guest who came yesterday.” The sentence “yesterday” of this sentence is a time word. Verbal grammar units in the first word of the sentence determine why the composition, grammar scholars have no consistent understanding. “Summary” 3, 2, and 4 consider time words as “adverbial” in verb phrases. If so, if there is no period in the sentence, it is a verb phrase. Then the time word at the beginning of the sentence should be regarded as an adverbial phrase. “The ”Summary“ question and answer” also pointed out that “time words and place words are often used as adverbials and complements.” However, “The ”Summary“ question and answer”