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为适应战时或平时出现大批伤病员后送的需要,自六十年代以来,伤员后送工具已不断改进、更新,在进入七十年代后,许多新技术、新设备的广泛应用,又促使后送工具进一步发展。当前,外军在现代化交通运输工具的基础上,已发展形成一套高度机械化、现代化的陆、海、空后送工具。一、陆运后送工具 1.担架:种类繁多,一般可分为普通野战担架、特种担架和民用担架。外军普通野战担架已标准化,且美军和“北约”组织国家的标准是统一的。特种担架有适于空投的折迭担架、适于舰艇用的舰艇担架、半软担架、包裹担架等。外军为改善后送途中伤员的舒适性,已应用一种搭乘各种后送工具的专用担架,如苏军的“真空褥担架”、法军的“担架式气垫”、美军的“充气担架”等。
In order to meet the needs of a large number of wounded and sick patients evacuated during wartime or usual times, the woundedmen evacuation tools have been continuously improved and updated since the 1960s. Since the 1970s, many new technologies and new equipment have been widely used. Promote the evacuation of tools to further development. At present, on the basis of modern means of transport, foreign troops have developed a set of highly mechanized and modern land, sea and air transport tools. First, the ground transport tools 1. Stretcher: a wide range, generally divided into ordinary field stretchers, special stretchers and civil stretchers. Foreign general field stretchers have been standardized and the standards of the U.S. and NATO countries are unified. Special stretcher has a folding stretcher suitable for airdrop, naval stretcher suitable for naval vessels, semi-soft stretcher, wrapped stretcher and the like. In order to improve the comfort of casualties on the way to the rear, foreign troops have applied a special stretcher that is equipped with various evacuation tools such as the Soviet “vacuum bag stretcher”, the French “stretcher air cushion,” the U.S. military “Inflatable stretcher ” and so on.