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肥料利用率是指当季作物吸收营养元素的数量与施入土壤中肥料营养元素总量的百分数。在一般情况下,肥料利用率愈高,肥料的损失就愈小。肥料利用率因肥料品种、施肥量、土壤肥力、施用方法和作物种类等的不同而有很大差异。我国的肥料利用率较低,化肥中氮素的利用率为30%～70%,磷肥为10%～25%,钾肥为40%～70%。推广测土配方施肥技术,改进施肥方法,推广施用缓释/控释肥和其他新型肥料是提高我国肥料利用率的有效方法。
Fertilizer utilization refers to the amount of nutrient that is absorbed by crops in the crop and the percentage of nutrients that are applied to the soil. Under normal circumstances, the higher the fertilizer utilization, the smaller the loss of fertilizer. Fertilizer utilization due to fertilizer varieties, fertilization, soil fertility, application methods and crop types vary greatly. China’s fertilizer utilization rate is lower, the utilization of nitrogen in fertilizers is 30% to 70%, phosphate fertilizer is 10% to 25%, potassium fertilizer is 40% to 70%. The promotion of soil testing and fertilizer technology, improve fertilization methods, promote the use of slow release / controlled release fertilizer and other new fertilizers is an effective way to improve fertilizer utilization in China.