荷兰国际人口学研究所所长奇尔克分析了欧洲和北美国家战后的人口政策,扼要地论述了某些国家的人口发展过程。“人口政策”有两种理解:狭义的理解——看作国家为改善人口现状所采取的统一方针;广义的理解——包括有关影响人口趋势的所有立法部分。作者将人口政策分成三类:旨在直接改变人口情况的政策;主要为其他目的而实行的政策,但在某种程 Chilk, director of the Netherlands Institute of International Demography, analyzes the post-war demographic policies of European and North American countries and outlines the population development process in some countries. There are two understandings of “population policy”: a narrow understanding - seen as a unified national approach to improving the status of the population; and a broad understanding - including all legislative sections that affect demographic trends. The author divides population policies into three categories: policies designed to directly change the demographics; policies that are mainly implemented for other purposes but, to some extent,