自治城市,从某种意义上来讲,同文艺复兴、宗教改革一样,是指西欧国家的某一特定时期内的某种特别的现象。因此,一些西方学者认为在东方各国没有出现过一个成熟的市民阶级,所以也无从谈起自治城市的问题。战后,日本的学术界对这一观点进行了分析和批判,指出,即便是按照西欧的标准,在日本也曾经诞生过由市民共同体所领 In a sense, autonomous cities, like Renaissance and Reformation, refer to a special phenomenon in a certain period of time in Western European countries. Therefore, some western scholars think that there is no mature citizen class in any country in the East, and therefore, there is no way to talk about the question of an autonomous city. After the war, Japanese academics analyzed and criticized this view and pointed out that even in accordance with the criteria of Western Europe, they were also born in Japan under the leadership of the community of citizens