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目的探讨诊断及治疗肾癌下腔静脉癌栓的方法。方法8例病人术前均行B超及CT检查，其中2例同时行MRI检查。按Novick分级：Ⅰ级3例，Ⅱ级3例，Ⅲ、Ⅳ级各1例。全部采用肾癌根治术加下腔静脉切开取检术治疗。结果B超及CT对肾肿瘤的诊断率均为100％，但对下腔静脉癌检的诊断率分别为75％、88％。8例中，3例术后至今已存活2～7年；3例术后存活13～36个月（平均21个月）后，死于肿瘤复发或转移；1例术后20d死于急性肾衰；1例失访。结论在肾癌下腔静脉癌检的诊断中，CT和MRI比B超有更高的准确率和指导意义。肾癌根治加下腔静脉切开取栓术是目前最积极有效的治疗方法，可以提高该病的生存率。
Objective To investigate the method of diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of inferior vena cava in renal cell carcinoma. Methods Eight patients underwent preoperative B-mode ultrasound and CT examination. Two of them underwent MRI examination at the same time. According to Novick classification: Ⅰ grade in 3 cases, Ⅱ grade in 3 cases, Ⅲ, Ⅳ grade in 1 case. All using radical nephrectomy and inferior vena cava dissection to take the treatment. Results The diagnostic rates of B-ultrasound and CT were 100% for renal tumors, but the diagnostic rates of IVC cancer were 75% and 88%, respectively. Of the 8 patients, 3 had survived 2 to 7 years postoperatively, 3 had survived for 13 to 36 months (mean 21 months), then died of tumor recurrence or metastasis, and 1 died of acute renal failure 20 days after operation Decline; 1 case lost. Conclusion In the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma of the inferior vena cava, CT and MRI have a higher accuracy and guiding significance than B ultrasound. Radical neoplasm plus incision and inferior vena cava resection and thrombectomy is the most active and effective treatment, can improve the survival rate of the disease.