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目的观察釉质窝沟封闭术预防儿童第一恒磨牙龋齿的疗效及安全性。方法选取在2011年4月至2011年6月接受义诊的小学生40例作为观察组,采用釉质窝沟封闭术,清洁牙齿采用大窝洞开口,清除点隙窝沟深部的残渣;另选取居住环境相似的小学生30例作为对照组,采用常规窝沟封闭术后。封闭后半年、1年、2年进行复查,观察两组对象封闭剂的保存情况和封闭牙的患龋率、龋齿降低率情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组1年及2年封闭剂保存率明显升高,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但半年封闭剂保存率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组2年患龋率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但半年及1年患龋率两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组对象1年及2年龋齿降低率分别为28.6%,38.5%;两组均无严重并发症发生。结论釉质窝沟封闭术预防儿童第一恒磨牙龋齿能够增加封闭剂保存率,降低患龋率,值得临床推广。
Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of enamel-fissure sealant in preventing children’s first permanent molar tooth decay. Methods From April 2011 to June 2011, 40 primary school students who received free clinic were selected as the observation group. The enamel fissure sealant was used to clean the teeth and the deep cavity opening was removed to remove the debris in the deep pits. Similar pupils 30 cases as a control group, the use of conventional pit and fissure after surgery. Six months after the closure, one year and two years were reviewed to observe the preservation of the object sealant and the rate of caries decay in the closed teeth. Results Compared with the control group, the preservation rates at 1 year and 2 years in the observation group were significantly increased (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the half-year sealant retention rate (P> 0.05 ). The prevalence of caries in the two-year observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in six-year and one-year caries prevalence (P> 0.05). The reduction rate of dental caries in the observation group for one year and two years were 28.6% and 38.5% respectively; no serious complications occurred in both groups. Conclusion The enamel fissure sealant to prevent the first molar in children with permanent molars can increase the preservation rate of sealant, reduce the caries prevalence, worthy of clinical promotion.