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本研究操作记忆项消失到时间判断任务开始之间的时间间隔(ISI)和目标时距,探讨工作记忆影响时间判断的灵活性。短的ISI和长的ISI分别在实验1和实验2中完成。被试首先记忆一个客体,然后在每个trial的最后判断探测刺激与记忆项是否相同;在延迟阶段,被试完成时间判断任务,即判断相继出现的两个刺激的时距哪个更长(或更短)。时间任务中的一个刺激与记忆内容完全相同,相应的另一个刺激与记忆内容在形状和颜色上都不同。知觉重复作为控制条件,被试忽略第一个刺激,仅完成时间判断任务。结果发现,时间间隔(ISI)短时,记忆匹配条件下的准确率更高,匹配刺激延长了知觉的时间;但随着时间间隔的增加,工作记忆匹配对时间判断的影响消失。并且,目标时距长时,记忆匹配反而缩短了知觉的时间,这与ISI的长短以及是否有记忆任务无关。研究说明工作记忆对时间判断的影响具有灵活性,与注意的聚焦及注意资源的分配有关。
In this study, the operating memory term disappears to determine the time interval (ISI) and the target time interval between the beginning of the task and the working time to explore the flexibility of working memory to determine the impact of time. Short ISI and long ISI were done in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, respectively. The subjects first memorize an object and then judge whether the stimuli and the memory items are the same at the end of each trial. In the delay phase, the subjects complete the task of time judgment, which is to determine which of the two stimuli to appear later Shorter). One stimulus in the time task is exactly the same as the memory, and the corresponding stimulus and memory are different in shape and color. Perceptual duplication as a control condition, the participants ignored the first stimulus, only to complete the task of time to judge. The results showed that the shortest interval time (ISI), memory matching conditions, higher accuracy, matching stimulation prolonged the perception of time; but with the increase of the time interval, the working memory matching on the time to judge the impact disappears. Moreover, when the target time is long, memory matching shortens the time of perception instead of the length of the ISI and whether or not there is a memory task. The research shows that the influence of working memory on time judgment is flexible, which is related to the focus of attention and the allocation of resources.