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系统地介绍了汶川地震灾区填充墙框架结构的震害特征,分析了震害原因。研究表明,填充墙能显著增大结构的侧向刚度和侧向承载力,填充墙的强度越高或框架越弱,填充墙对结构刚度和承载力的提高程度越大;填充墙在平面内的布置不均造成局部刚度集中,导致地震中出现应力集中或结构整体发生扭转;填充墙在竖向布置不连续形成软弱层时,结构的变形和破坏在软弱层集中发生。当实心砖填充墙与框架梁柱连接较强且框架较弱、填充墙相对较强时,两者形成组合体共同承受地震作用;地震中填充墙对框架梁柱的约束作用、挤压作用以及填充墙局部失效会改变框架梁柱的约束条件和受力状态,形成短柱、极短柱、短梁,甚至会发生某些非常规的破坏。
This paper systematically introduces the seismic damage characteristics of the infilled wall frame structure in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area and analyzes the causes of the earthquake damage. The results show that the infilled walls can significantly increase the lateral stiffness and the lateral bearing capacity of the structure. The higher the strength of the infill walls or the weaker the frame, the greater the increase of the infilled walls to the structural rigidity and bearing capacity. Which leads to the concentration of stress in the earthquake or the whole structure torsion. When the infill wall is discontinuous in the vertical direction to form the weak layer, the deformation and failure of the structure occur concentratedly in the weak layer. When the solid brick infill wall is connected with the frame beam and column strongly and the frame is weak, and the infill wall is relatively strong, the combination of the two forms a joint to bear the seismic action. The restraint effect of the infill wall on the frame beam and column, Partial failure of the infill walls can change the constraint and force conditions of the frame beam, creating short columns, very short columns, short beams, and even some unconventional damage.