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秘鲁亚马孙流域的农民从事农业,同时从天然林,河流和湖泊中获取各种各样的产品,他们多样化的生活方式包括捕鱼,狩猎和采集植物产品。在2个泛滥平原的村庄里,我们已经收集了一年的资料对当地农业经济与为满足生活基本需求和商业贸易的林业经济进行比较。此研究中的林产品包括动物产品(狩猎和捕鱼)和植物产品(木材和非木材)。结果表明为了生活需要而获取的林产品尤其是鱼,是当地经济的支柱。获取林产品的日净收入高于种植和非熟练工人正常的日工资收入,这说明在实施任何土地开发利用的决策之前对社会经济情况进行全面的调查研究显得尤为重要。每公顷天然林可获取林产品的价值为平均每年13美元,平均每户可利用的天然林面积为113hm~2。如果把农业产出也计算在内的话,每公顷土地的总产值(包括农业和林业)就上升到每年21美元。
Farmers in the Amazonian Amazon basin are engaged in agriculture while acquiring a wide variety of products from natural forests, rivers and lakes, and their diverse lifestyle includes fishing, hunting and the collection of plant products. In two flood plain villages, we have collected a year’s worth of data to compare the local agricultural economy with the forestry economy that meets the basic needs of living and commerce. The forest products in this study include animal products (hunting and fishing) and plant products (wood and non-wood). The results show that forest products, especially fish, obtained for the needs of life are the pillars of the local economy. The net daily income from obtaining forest products is higher than the normal daily wage income of both planted and unskilled workers, indicating that it is particularly important to conduct a comprehensive survey of socio-economic conditions before implementing any decision on land development and utilization. The average value of forest products per hectare of natural forests is 13 US dollars per year, and the average natural forest area available per household is 113 hm 2. If agricultural output is also taken into account, the total value of output per hectare (including agriculture and forestry) rises to 21 U.S. dollars per year.