柴油机的排放污染问题愈来愈引起人们的重视。愈来愈严格的排放法规给柴油机的设计和运用提出了新的挑战。本文概述了柴油机排气的成分及其对环境的危害和生成机理。着重描述了为达到将大型发动机排气中的主要有害成分NOx的排放量减少30％、60％和90％这三种目标而需要采取的相应措施，同时也论证了采用这些措施之后给燃油消耗、有害微粒排放量及烟度所带来的不利影响。 Diesel emissions more and more cause for concern. Increasingly stringent emissions regulations give new challenges to the design and operation of diesel engines. This article outlines the composition of diesel exhaust and its harm to the environment and the formation mechanism. Highlighting the corresponding measures needed to achieve the three objectives of reducing NOx emissions by 30%, 60% and 90%, respectively, as a major pollutant in large-scale engine exhaust emissions. It also demonstrates that fuel consumption , Harmful particulate emissions and smoke adverse effects.