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本文在归纳果摄字读音类型的基础上,结合各类型的地理分布,运用波浪说理论,离析外源性层次,运用历史比较法,构拟原始形式,尝试用创新音变探讨方言关系。具体的研究结论有:(1)多数汉语方言果摄一等字读音为中高元音,部分方言有进一步的高化、去圆唇化、前化等音变,从歌戈分混的角度可以分为三个类型,全分、全混和分混型,但涉及的音变主要有增生-u-介音和脱落-u-介音的两个音变,音变的地理分界线在淮河—秦岭一线。(2)东南地区的闽语、闽西北方言、南部吴语除拥有上述中高元音构成的外源层次之外,果摄字还普遍读同蟹止摄,根据这一层次中歌戈有别的语音对应可以构拟出歌韵为*ɑi,戈韵为*uɑi,闽语以特有的歌韵增生-u-介音有别于其他汉语方言,而南部吴语则在存古之外,又受到吴语影响。(3)西南地区的平话除有同于多数方言的中高元音层次外,歌韵还有读同麻韵的低元音层次。
On the basis of the generalized type of pronunciation of the genre, combining the various types of geographical distribution, the theory of wave theory, the analysis of exogenous levels, the historical comparison method and the original form, this paper attempts to explore dialect relations with innovative phonetic variations. The specific conclusions are as follows: (1) Most Chinese dialects take first-class pronunciation of high-quality vowels, some dialects have further increased, to round lip, before the change and so on, from the perspective of song and song mixing Divided into three types, full, mixed and mixed type, but the main changes involved in the proliferation of -u-mediated and off-u-mediated two sound changes, the sound of the geographical boundaries in the Huaihe - Qinling line. (2) Min Dialects in Southeast China, Min Dialects in South China, and Wu Dialects in South China In addition to possessing the above exogenous levels of middle and high vowels, The phonetic correspondence can be constructed as follows: * ɑi, Ge Yun as * uɑi, Minyu with unique sinuses -u-mediated is different from other Chinese dialects, while the southern Wu language is stored in ancient times, but also by Wu influences. (3) In addition to the middle and high vowel levels of the most dialects in southwest China, there is also a low-vowel level of verse reading.