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Only few of studies are on the effect of propolis on cognitive function.We want to know whether the propolis from Yunnan or Shandong play similar roles in learning and memory.Eighty adult male KM mice were treated with placebo, 5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg ofYunnan propolis or Shandong propolis for a month in groups.Then they were tested in passive avoidance task and Morris water maze task.At last, the mouse brains were cut for neuron counting in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and motor cortex.Yunnan propolis and Shandong propolis (15 mg/kg or 45 mg/kg) could prolong the latency in the retention phase of passive avoidance task and improve the times of pass-through the platform field.There was no significant difference between the two kinds of propolis.We did not see significant changing in neuron numbers in all the three brain areas in all groups.The results indicated long term treatment with Yunnan proplis or Shandong propolis could improve passive avoidance memory and spatial memory similarly in KM mice.