文章通过“委托—代理”理论的应用,探讨古代社会的救灾问题。文章认为,“委托—代理”机制在古代政府的灾害救济活动中得以广泛应用,政府为了保证其功效创设了激励制度,但由于激励不当又出现了众多的阻滞因素,阻碍了救灾活动的顺利运行。文章指出,在传统社会的救荒中虽然存在多层的“委托—代理”关系,但由于产权的唯一性,对这些关系不应过高评价。 Through the application of “commission - agent ” theory, the article discusses the disaster relief of ancient society. The article holds that the mechanism of “principal-agent” has been widely used in the disaster relief activities of the ancient government. The government has created an incentive system to ensure its effectiveness. However, due to inadequate incentives, numerous obstacles have been hindered the relief activities Smooth operation. The article points out that in the traditional society, although there are many layers of “entrust - agent” relationship in the rescue, due to the uniqueness of property rights, these relations should not be overestimated.